🔰 Subject–Verb Agreement কী?
Subject–Verb Agreement মানে হলো—
বাক্যের Subject (কর্তা) অনুযায়ী Verb (ক্রিয়া) একবচন (singular) বা বহুবচন (plural) হবে।
Golden Idea: Subject singular হলে verb singular, subject plural হলে verb plural।
⭐ Rule–1: Singular Subject → Singular Verb
- He plays cricket.
- She likes tea.
- The boy is honest.
🔑 Present Indefinite Tense-এ 3rd person singular হলে verb-এ –s / –es যোগ হয়।
⭐ Rule–2: Plural Subject → Plural Verb
- They play football.
- The boys are happy.
- We have a plan.
⭐ Rule–3: AND যুক্ত হলে → Plural Verb
দুটি বা ততোধিক subject and দিয়ে যুক্ত হলে সাধারণত plural verb হয়।
- Rahim and Karim are friends.
- Rice and curry are tasty.
🔸 Exception: দুটি noun একই ব্যক্তি/বস্তু বোঝালে singular verb হয়।
- Bread and butter is my breakfast.
⭐ Rule–4: OR / NOR যুক্ত হলে → Nearer Subject Rule
Verb হবে verb-এর কাছের subject অনুযায়ী।
- Either he or his friends are coming.
- Neither the students nor the teacher is present.
⭐ Rule–5: Each / Every / Everyone / Everybody → Singular Verb
- Each student is ready.
- Every boy likes games.
- Everyone is happy.
⭐ Rule–6: Collective Noun
Collective noun একক হিসেবে কাজ করলে singular, আলাদা আলাদা বোঝালে plural।
- The team is winning. (একক)
- The team are arguing among themselves. (ব্যক্তিগত)
Common collective nouns: team, jury, committee, class, family
⭐ Rule–7: Uncountable Noun → Singular Verb
Uncountable noun সবসময় singular verb নেয়।
- Water is life.
- Information is important.
Common uncountables: information, advice, furniture, luggage, news
⭐ Rule–8: A number of / The number of
- A number of students are absent. (plural)
- The number of students is increasing. (singular)
⭐ Rule–9: There + Verb
There থাকলে verb হবে real subject অনুযায়ী।
- There is a pen on the table.
- There are many books on the shelf.
⭐ Rule–10: Titles, Distances, Amounts, Time → Singular Verb
- "The Arabian Nights" is a famous book.
- Five miles is a long distance.
- Ten years is a long time.
❌ Common Mistakes (Board Favorite)
❌ Everyone are happy.
✅ Everyone is happy.
❌ Bread and butter are my breakfast.
✅ Bread and butter is my breakfast.
🧠 Quick Revision Chart
| Subject Type | Verb |
|---|---|
| Each / Every | Singular |
| And (two subjects) | Plural |
| Or / Nor | Nearer subject |
| Uncountable | Singular |
| A number of | Plural |
| The number of | Singular |
✍️ Practice (নিজে করো)
- Each of the boys ___ (be) present.
- A number of students ___ (be) absent.
- Either he or I ___ (be) responsible.
🎯 Exam Tips
- আগে subject চিনো, তারপর verb বসাও।
- Each / Every / Everyone দেখলে সাথে সাথে singular verb মনে করো।
- Or / Nor দেখলে nearest subject দেখো।
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